(par 4. 2. 1. 1 ) Temperature & Water as Abiotic Influences

https://www.boundless.com/biology/textbooks/boundless-biology-textbook/ecology-and-the-biosphere-44/biogeography-245/temperature-and-water-907-12161/ Temperature Temperature affects the physiology of living things as well as the density and state of water. It exerts an important influence on living organisms because few can

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(par 4. 2. 1.1.1) Desiccation tolerance

Desiccation tolerance From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desiccation_tolerance Desiccation tolerance refers to the ability of an organism to withstand or endure extreme dryness, or drought-like conditions. Plants

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(par 4.2.2 ) Direct and Indirect Interactions

http://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/direct-and-indirect-interactions-15650000 By: Daniel C. Moon (Department of Biology, University of North Florida), Jamie Moon (Department of Biology, University of North Florida) & Amy Keagy (Department

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(par 4.2.2.1) Competition – from Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Sea anemones compete for the territory in tide pools Competition is an interaction between organisms or species in which the fitness of one is lowered by the presence of another. Limited supply of at least

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(par 4.2.2.1) Ecological niche

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_niche From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The flightless dung beetle occupies a niche exploiting animal droppings as a food source In ecology, a niche (CanE, UK /ˈniːʃ/ or US /ˈnɪtʃ/)[1] is a term with a variety

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(par 4.2.2.1) Habitat and Adaptation

http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/teacher_resources/webfieldtrips/hab_adaptation/ © WWF / Roger LeGuen Every organism has a unique ecosystem within which it lives. This ecosystem is its natural habitat. This is where

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(par 4.2.2.3) Species with a Large Impact on Community Structure

http://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/species-with-a-large-impact-on-community-13240710  By: Delbert L. Smee (Texas A&M University at Corpus Christi) © 2010 Nature Education Citation: Smee, D. (2010) Species with a Large Impact on Community Structure. Nature Education Knowledge 3(10):40 Of course predators consume prey,

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(par 4.2.3 ) Adaptation

Adaptation A biological adaptation is any structural (morphological or anatomical), physiological, or behavioral characteristics of an organism or group of organisms (such as species) that make it better suited in its environment and

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(par 4.2.3 ) Terrestrial ecosystem (taken from wikipedia)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrestrial_ecosystem A terrestrial ecosystem is an ecosystem found only on landforms. Six primary terrestrial ecosystems exist: tundra, taiga, temperate deciduous forest, tropical rain forest, grassland and desert. A community of organisms

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(par 4.2.3 ) The Biological Communities

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Ecology/Biological_community A community or biocoenosis is an assemblage of organisms (species populations) whose composition and aspect is determined by the properties of the environment and by the relations of the

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(par 4.2.3 ) What is an Ecosystem

http://www.botanicalgarden.ubc.ca/kids/ecosystem.php An ecosystem is a community of plants, animals and smaller organisms that live, feed, reproduce and interact in the same area or environment. Some ecosystems are very

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(par 4.2.3.1) World Biomes

http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/world_biomes.htm What is a Biome? A biome is a large geographical area of distinctive plant and animal groups, which are adapted to that particular environment.

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(par 4.2.3.2 ) Vegetation regions

http://education.nationalgeographic.com/education/encyclopedia/vegetation-region/?ar_a=1 Scientists divide the Earth’s land into what are called vegetation regions. These areas have distinct types of plants, soil, and weather patterns. Vegetation regions

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(par 4.2.3.2.1) Alpine Tundra Ecosystem

https://wildtracks.wordpress.com/world-ecosystems/tundra-ecosystems/alpine-tundra-ecosystem/ Alpine tundra is located around the world on high alitutude mountains above the tree line. These windswept areas are characterised by an abundance of

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(par 4.2.3.2.2) Boreal Forest Ecosystem

https://wildtracks.wordpress.com/world-ecosystems/forest-ecosystems/boreal-forest-ecosystem/ The boreal forests ring the regions immediately south of the Arctic Circle in a vast expanse.The northern boreal ecoregion accounts for about one third

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(par 4.2.3.2.3) Temperate Forest Ecosystem

https://wildtracks.wordpress.com/world-ecosystems/forest-ecosystems/temperate-forest-ecosystem/ One-quarter of the remaining global temperate forests can be found on the British Columbia coast of Canada. The other remnants can be found in

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(par 4.2.3.2.3) Temperate Forest Ecosystem

Temperate Forest Ecosystem https://wildtracks.wordpress.com/world-ecosystems/forest-ecosystems/temperate-forest-ecosystem/ One-quarter of the remaining global temperate forests can be found on the British Columbia coast of Canada. The other remnants can

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(par 4.2.3.2.4) Temperate Grassland Ecosystem

https://wildtracks.wordpress.com/world-ecosystems/grassland-ecosystems/temperate-grassland-ecosystem/ Temperate grasslands are also known as prairie, puszta, pampas, plains or steppes with warm, moist summers (average 18ºC) and cool, dry winters (average 10ºC).

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(par 4.2.3.2.4) Tropical Grasslands Ecosystem

https://wildtracks.wordpress.com/world-ecosystems/grassland-ecosystems/tropical-grasslands-ecosystem/ Tropical Grasslands are found in Central Africa, Australia, Brazil and India, with an average rainfall from 51 to 127 cm annually. Tropical grasslands are

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(par 4.2.3.2.5) Tropical rainforest ecosystem

Tropical Forest Ecosystem Tropical Forest Ecosystem https://wildtracks.wordpress.com/world-ecosystems/forest-ecosystems/tropical-forest-ecosystem/ Rainforests are thought to be the oldest ecosystem on earth (some as old as 100 million years), accounting

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(par 4.2.3.2.7) Fynbos ecosystem

http://www.bcb.uwc.ac.za/envfacts/fynbos/ This modification of the original Enviro Facts information on fynbos was compiled by Gavin W. Maneveldt (Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of

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(par 4.2.4 ) Aquatic ecosystem – freshwater

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquatic_ecosystem From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia An aquatic ecosystem is an ecosystem in a body of water. Communities of organisms that are dependent on each other and on their environment live in aquatic ecosystems.

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(par 4.2.4 ) Freshwater Ecology

Ecology, Fresh-water http://www.waterencyclopedia.com/Da-En/Ecology-Fresh-Water.html Streams, lakes, and wetlands differ profoundly from one another in the conditions they provide as habitats for biological communities. Fundamental characteristics of

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(par 4.2.4.1) Water Ecosystems – Freshwater

https://wildtracks.wordpress.com/world-ecosystems/water-ecosystems-freshwater/freshwater-animal-plant-adaptations/ Animal Adaptations Many plants and animals have adapted to the freshwater biome and could not survive in water having a higher salt concentration. As

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(par 4.2.4.2.1.1) Lake stratification

Lake stratification From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_stratification Lake stratification is the separation of lakes into three layers: Epilimnion – top of the lake. Metalimnion (or thermocline) – middle layer that

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(par 4.2.4.2.1.2) Groundwater recharge

Groundwater recharge From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundwater_recharge Water balance Groundwater recharge or deep drainage or deep percolation is a hydrologic process where water moves downward from surface water to groundwater. This process usually occurs in the vadose

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(par 4.2.4.2.1.2) Groundwater recharge (taken from Wikipedia)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundwater_recharge Water balance Groundwater recharge or deep drainage or deep percolation is a hydrologic process where water moves downward from surface water to groundwater. This process usually occurs in the vadose zone below plant roots and

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(par 4.2.4.2.1.2) Wetlands

http://www.waterencyclopedia.com/Tw-Z/Wetlands.html The very word “wetland” indicates that water is the first requirement for wetlands to exist. A wetland can be identified by three basic factors:

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(par 4.2.5.1 Zoning) Lake stratification

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_stratification Lake stratification is the separation of lakes into three layers: Epilimnion – top of the lake. Metalimnion (or thermocline) – middle layer that may change

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(par 4.2.5) Aquatic ecosystem – Marine

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquatic_ecosystem From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia An estuary mouth and coastal waters, part of an aquatic ecosystem An aquatic ecosystem is an ecosystem in a body of water. Communities of organisms that are dependent on each

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(par 4.2.5) Marine ecology

http://www.waterencyclopedia.com/Da-En/Ecology-Marine.html Marine ecology describes the interactions of marine species with their biotic (living) and abiotic (nonliving) environments. The biotic environment includes interactions with other living organisms. The

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(par 4.2.5) Overfishing & Antarctic ecosystem

http://en.mercopress.com/2006/11/24/new-technology-threatens-building-blocks-of-antarctic-ecosystem by John Fowler (Mercopress) Stanley Deputy Governor of the Falkland Islands, Miss Harriet Hall, returned to Stanley last week after attending the annual conference

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(par 4.2.5) Saltwater Animal & Plant Adaptations

https://wildtracks.wordpress.com/world-ecosystems/saltwater-ecosystem/saltwater-animal-plant-adaptations/Animal Adaptations There are 120 species of mammals including whales, dolphins, porpoises, seals and sea lions which have evolved to adapt to their aquatic environment

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(par 4.2.6) Coastal Ocean

http://www.waterencyclopedia.com/Ce-Cr/Coastal-Ocean.html When you take a waterfront vacation, do you say you are going to the beach or going to the coast? Both the beach and

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(par 4.2.6) Coral reefs

http://www.waterencyclopedia.com/Ce-Cr/Corals-and-Coral-Reefs.html A coral reef is a structure in the sea constructed by coral skeletons and limestone debris that remains in place after the plant or animal dies.

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(par 4.2.6) Coral reefs

Coral reefs http://www.waterencyclopedia.com/Ce-Cr/Corals-and-Coral-Reefs.html A coral reef is a structure in the sea constructed by coral skeletons and limestone debris that remains in place after the

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(par 4.2.7) Estuaries

http://www.waterencyclopedia.com/En-Ge/Estuaries.html Estuaries are defined as semi-enclosed coastal bodies of water that have a free connection with the sea and within which sea water is measurably

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(par 4.2.7) The Importance of Ecotones

https://www.eoi.es/blogs/davidthorpe/2014/01/16/the-importance-of-ecotones/  Posted on 16/01/2014 by davidthorpe Source http://www.basic.ncsu.edu/segap/Vertebrate.html An Ecotone describes an area that acts as a transition or boundary between two ecosystems. This could be, for example, an area of

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